Periodic solutions for nonlinear evolution equations at resonance

AbstractWe are concerned with periodic problems for nonlinear evolution equations at resonance of the form u˙(t)=−Au(t)+F(t,u(t)), where a densely defined linear operator A:D(A)→X on a Banach space X is such that −A generates a compact C0 semigroup and F:[0,+∞)×X→X is a nonlinear perturbation. Imposing appropriate Landesman–Lazer type conditions on the nonlinear term F, we prove a formula expressing the fixed point index of the associated translation along trajectories operator, in the terms of a time averaging of F restricted to KerA. By the formula, we show that the translation operator has a nonzero fixed point index and, in consequence, we conclude that the equation admits a periodic solution