Independent value of echocardiography and N-terminal pro-natriuretic peptide for the prediction of major outcomes in patients with suspected heart failure

N-terminal pro–B-type natriuretic peptide (NT–pro-BNP) and echocardiography have been shown to have diagnostic and prognostic value for the assessment of heart failure (HF) in the community. This study evaluated whether echocardiography and serum NT–pro-BNP estimation have independent value for the prediction of major outcome in patients with suspected HF from the community. Accordingly, 137 patients with suspected HF referred from the community were followed up after undergoing clinical assessment, electrocardiography, NT–pro-BNP estimation, and echocardiography. Abnormal echocardiogram was defined as visual left ventricular ejection fraction =45% or left atrial volume index >26 ml/m2 or presence of left ventricular hypertrophy or significant valvular heart disease. Data were obtained in 132 patients (96%) over a mean follow-up period of 26 ± 7 months during which 19 (14%) developed major cardiac events (14 deaths and 5 HF admissions). Univariate predictors for major cardiac event were age (p = 0.05), male gender (p = 0.007), presence of clinical signs of HF (p = 0.02), NT–pro-BNP level =50 pmol/L (p <0.001), abnormal electrocardiogram (p = 0.02), and abnormal echocardiogram (p = 0.004). However, the only independent predictors were male gender (odds ratio 3.09, 95% confidence interval 1.01 to 9.46, p = 0.05), NT–pro-BNP level =50 pmol/L (odds ratio 5.78, 95% confidence interval 1.63 to 20.5, p = 0.007), and abnormal echocardiogram (odds ratio 11.1, 95% confidence interval 1.43 to 85.6, p = 0.02). In conclusion, NT–pro-BNP and abnormal echocardiogram provided independent information for predicting adverse outcome in patients with suspected HF referred from the community