Carotenoid Crystal Formation in Arabidopsis and Carrot Roots Caused by Increased Phytoene Synthase Protein Levels

overexpression in green and non-green cells of transgenic Arabidopsis lines. This revealed striking similarities to the situation found in orange carrot roots with respect to carotenoid amounts and sequestration mechanism. gene, in white carrots, resulting in increased carotenoid amounts deposited in crystals. expression plays a major, rate-limiting role in the transition from white to orange-colored carrots