Carbamazepine (CBZ) induced enzymatic stress in gill, liver and muscle of a common carp, Cyprinus carpio

AbstractToxicity and effects of an antiepileptic drug, carbamazepine (CBZ) on transaminases like glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT) and glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT); lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities in gill, liver and muscle of a freshwater fish, Cyprinus carpio were investigated. The median lethal concentration (LC50) of CBZ to C. carpio for 24h was determined (59.70mgl−l). 1/10th of LC50 value was taken as a sublethal concentration (5.97mgl−l). Fish were exposed to both acute and sublethal CBZ concentration for 24h and 35days (at weekly intervals), respectively. During acute treatment, GOT activity was decreased in all the organs (gill, liver and muscle); GPT and LDH activities were increased in liver and muscle while decreased in gill. During sublethal treatment, GOT activity was decreased in liver and muscle, whereas GPT activity was increased in these two organs. A biphasic trend was noted in GOT and GPT activity in gill and LDH activity in gill, liver and muscle. The present study indicates that CBZ induced alterations in the activities of GOT, GPT and LDH in various organs of fish; these enzymes may be used as logical candidates to monitor the toxic levels of pharmaceuticals in aquatic organisms