Formation of Industrial Clusters Using Method of Virtual Enterprises

AbstractThe paper is devoted to the questions of cluster policy and formation of industrial clusters. The purpose of the research is to investigate the possibility of creating an innovative industrial cluster in the form of a virtual enterprise. During this research, definitions of cluster and cluster approach given by M. Porter were clarified, and benefits and concerns of cluster policy were identified. For cluster to be effective and to achieve such goals as: reducing production and transaction costs, effective collaboration of resources, increasing innovation activity, development of new technologies, etc., it is proposed to apply the method of virtual enterprises in order to form innovative industrial cluster.In Europe the concept of “virtual cluster” has been used for a long time, being the subject of many studies, and currently there is widespread transition from physical connections in a cluster to virtual communications that helps to create competitive advantage in a rapidly changing innovation economy.In Russian Federation the concept of a virtual cluster practically does not exist, because there is lack of legislation in this area, lack of necessary infrastructure in the economy and low efficiency of different institutions. However, usage of this form of clusters seems to be effective and promising