Global solvability for first order real linear partial differential operators

AbstractF. Treves, in [17], using a notion of convexity of sets with respect to operators due to B. Malgrange and a theorem of C. Harvey, characterized globally solvable linear partial differential operators on C∞(X), for an open subset X of Rn.Let P=L+c be a linear partial differential operator with real coefficients on a C∞ manifold X, where L is a vector field and c is a function. If L has no critical points, J. Duistermaat and L. Hörmander, in [2], proved five equivalent conditions for global solvability of P on C∞(X).Based on Harvey–Treves's result we prove sufficient conditions for the global solvability of P on C∞(X), in the spirit of geometrical Duistermaat–Hörmander's characterizations, when L is zero at precisely one point. For this case, additional non-resonance type conditions on the value of c at the equilibrium point are necessary