Calcium, zinc and vitamin E ameliorate cadmium-induced renal oxidative damage in albino Wistar rats

AbstractThis study was aimed to examine the protective effects of supplementation with calcium+zinc (Ca+Zn) or vitamin E (Vit-E) on Cd-induced renal oxidative damage. Young albino Wistar rats (180±10g) (n=6) control rats, Cd, Cd+Ca+Zn, and Cd+Vit-E experimental groups and the experimental period was 30days. Rats were exposed to Cd (20mg/kg body weight) alone treated as Cd treated group and the absence or presence of Ca+Zn (2mg/kg each) or Vit-E (20mg/kg body weight) supplementation treated as two separate groups. The activities of the stress marker enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and lipid peroxidase (LPx) were determined in renal mitochondrial fractions of experimental rats. We observed quantitative changes in SOD isoenzymatic patterns by non-denaturing PAGE analysis, and quantified band densities. These results showed that Cd exposure leads to decreases in SOD, CAT, GR, and GPx activities and a concomitant increase in LPx and GST activities. Ca+Zn and Vit-E administration with Cd significantly reversed Cd-induced perturbations in oxidative stress marker enzymes. However, Vit-E showed more inhibitory activity against Cd than did Ca+Zn, and it protected against Cd-induced nephrotoxicity