Steroid injection in chronic inflammatory vocal fold disorders, literature review

Summary: Steroids are potent inhibitors of inflammation and wound repair. Local administration of steroids directly into the larynx has been reported in many laryngeal diseases. Aim: The purpose of this study is to review related literature about the use of steroid injection in patients with benign, inflammatory and chronic vocal disease. Methodology: We performed an electronic survey in Medline database and selected clinical trials regarding steroid use in benign laryngeal diseases. Results: Steroids are indicated in these situations: 1) acute inflammatory diseases, mainly when edema compromises the airways; 2) auto- immune disease with laryngeal involvement; 3) laryngeal stenosis; 4) benign lesions of the vocal folds, e.g., nodules, polyps and Reinke”s edema, to reduce the inflammatory reactions before phonosurgery or in an attempt to avoid surgery; 5) In phonosurgery, aiming to reduce scarring. In this case, it could be used as a preventive measure in vocal fold scarring, or for scar treatment. Conclusion: Steroids may be considered an important therapeutic option in the management of many diseases, specially the inflammatory ones, associated with vocal changes. Keywords: vocal fold scarring, steroids, steroid injection, inflammatory lesions of vocal fold, laryngeal diseas