Galectin-3 and incident heart failure among patients with pre-existing coronary artery disease: The ADVANCE study

AbstractBackgroundGalectin-3 (Gal-3) is a novel fibrosis biomarker. We ascertained: 1) the correlates of Gal-3, and 2) its association with incident heart failure among 1312 participants in The ADVANCE study (871 subjects with acute myocardial infarction [AMI] and 441 subjects with stable angina).MethodsCohort design, with Gal-3 measured in stored baseline serum samples (2002–04). After a median (SD) follow-up of 8.1 (3.2) years, 74 incident heart failure events were documented.ResultsThe significant independent correlates of Gal-3 were age, gender, diabetes, C-reactive protein and estimated glomerular filtration rate. In Cox regression with adjustment for these variables plus race, CAD presentation, smoking status, body mass index, hypertension and cholesterol lowering drugs, there was a 1.51-fold (95% CI, 1.24 to 1.85; p