The correlation between the types of snakes, geographical area, pre-hospital treatment and the outcome of snakebite patients

Snakebite is a global health problem; yet, most of the cases are rarely discussed in depth. Snakebite is also known to cause high morbidity and mortality rates. This research is an observational analytic research with the cross-sectional approach taken from January to December 2016. The data are obtained from the medical record of snakebite patients at Emergency Department of Dr. Koesnadi Bondowoso General Hospital, East Java, Indonesia. A total of 56 snakebite cases (patients) are included in this study. Most types of snake venom found are Callaselasma rhodostoma (39.7%) followed by Bungarus fasciatus (34.5%) and Naja sputratix (25.9%). 81% cases of snakebite incidence occurred in untrained areas while the 19% of it occurred in trained areas. It is known that the most frequent pre-hospital handling of snakebite is string strap (32.8%) and wounding or immobilization (19%). There are many cases of poisonous snakebite. The factor that affects the outcomes of venomous snakebite cases is pre-hospital management (early handling of immobilization)