Changes induced by salicylate in distribution of heavy metals in wheat and corn plants under the influence of cadmium chloride

The effect of salicylic acid (SA) on the distribution of heavy metals belonging to the microelements (except Cd) namely: Cd, Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu in roots and shoots of 28-day wheat and corn plants in the conditions of influence of cadmium chloride in the concentration of 25 mg per 1 kg of substrate was investigated. It was established that SA (0.5 mM) initiated an increase in accumulation of cadmium by roots of Zea mays L. and reduction of the flow of this elements in shoots of plants. It was possible due to activation of the barrier mechanisms. Simultaneously, it was observed at the action of SA a significant decrease of Cd accumulation by plant roots in Triticum aestivum L. took place. Also SA led to an active transportation of Zn and Cu to the leaves. The content of Mn at the action of cadmium increased in all variants except Triticum aestivum L. shoots, while joint influence of SA and cadmium reduced Mn content to the level of control. Cadmium stress has resulted a reduction of Fe in the tissues of both studied species of plants, whereas joint influence of the SA and CdCl2 predetermined increasing of this element in the shoots of plants comparing to control. These changes in the balance of metals indicate the adaptive role of the SA, which was species specific. The main common feature of the SA influenced content of metals in plants is an increase of their uptake by the above ground parts of plants. Changes in processes of accumulation and redistribution of cadmium ions, normalization of transportation of mineral elements in plant create a supportive environment for recovery of metabolic activity of plants under stress effect caused by cadmium