Comparison of Hydrothermal Method and Ultrasonic Method in Zeolite Synthesis and Investigation of Catalytic Activities of Synthesized Zeolites

In this study, ZSM-5 and beta zeolites, which constitutes the most industrially important artificial zeolite species., were synthesized and the effects of synthesized zeolite in catalytic cracking were investigated. ZSM-5 and beta zeolite were synthesized by varying synthesis time, synthesis method and calcination temperatures. The composition of the synthesis was kept constant and than compared with ultrasonic method and hydrothermal method. ZSM-5 and beta zeolite derivatives were synthesized with changing the synthesis method. Beta zeolite is obtained as a result of the synthesis with low temperature in 20 minutes with using of ultrasonic method. On the other hand, ZSM-5 zeolite is achieved at the end of the synthesis with high temperature in 72 hours with using of hidrotermal method. The X-Ray Powder Diffraction (XRD) patterns and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) images of ZSM-5 zeolites showed that the crystal structure and phase purity of ZSM-5 increased with increase in synthesis time and not affected by the calcination temperature. Otherwise, the crystal structure and phase purity of beta zeolite increased with increase in calcination temperature. To determine the catalytic performances of the products, the catalytic cracking processes were performed. First of all, thermal cracking was realized without catalyst for comparison with the others. Then, catalytic cracking was carried out with CaO, Al2O3, SiO2, natural zeolite, ZSM-5 and beta zeolite. Compairing the results, the catalytic efficiency of the synthesized products were higher than the others. Yield of over 70 % was obtained with synthesized ZSM-5 and zeolite beta