GENOTYPIC CHARACTERISTICS OF PATIENTS WITH POLYPOUS RHINOSINUSITIS

Clinical features of polypous rhinosinusitis are similar to those of polygenic (multifactorial) diseases. It suggests the potential role of heredity in the formation of the disease indicating the necessity of studying the role of genetic factor in the formation of various clinico-pathogenic variants of polyposis in detail. The aim of the study – to determine the role of hereditary predisposition as well as the degree of functional abnormalities in the epithelial cell genome of the nasal mucous membrane in patients with various clinico-pathogenic variants of polypous rhinosinusitis. Materials and Methods. The article presents the results of clinical and genealogical analysis of 290 patients with polypous rhinosinusitis. 70 patients with different types of polypous rhinosinusitis being genetically predisposed to a disease underwent cytogenetic investigation. Results and Discussion. Hereditary predisposition to polypous rhinosinusitis was found in 48.28 % of patients: among patients with aspirindependent rhinosinusitis, there were 89.36 % of individuals being genetically predisposed to a disease; among patients with hyper-Ig-Edependent rhinosinusitis, there were 64.38 % of individuals with genetic predisposition to a disease; among patients with rhinosinusitis dependent on the architectonics of the nasal cavity, there were 7.32 % of individuals being genetically predisposed to a disease. Significant differences in the quantitative characteristics of the functional state of the nasal epithelial cell genome by the criterion of chromatization indices, the nucleolar index, the indices of the heteropyknotic X chromosome and pathologically altered nuclei were found in patients with aspirin-intolerant polypous rhinosinusitis as compared to those with allergic polypous rhinosinusitis as well as the control group. Conclusions. The identified changes indicated the reduction in the activity of the transcriptional-translational processes in aspirinintolerant polypous rhinosinusitis. The studied changes in the parameters of the functional state of the epithelial cell genome in the nasal mucous membrane provided an objective confirmation of hypothesis about epigenetic nature of pathology formation