EXTRACTION OF BUILT-UP AREA BY COMBINING TEXTURAL FEATURES AND SPECTRAL INDICES FROM LANDSAT-8 MULTISPECTRAL IMAGE

Remote sensing techniques provide efficient and cost-effective approach to monitor the expansion of built-up area, in comparison to other traditional approaches. For extracting built-up class, one of the common approaches is to use spectral and spatial features such as, Normalized Difference Built- up index (NDBI), GLCM texture, Gabor filters etc. However, it is observed that classes such as river soil and fallow land usually mix up with built-up class due to their close spectral similarity. Intermixing of classes have been observed in the classified image when using spectral channels. In this paper, an approach has been proposed which uses urban based spectral indices and textural features to extract built-up areas. Three well known spectral indices i.e. NDBI, Built-up Area Extraction Index (BAEI) and Normalized Difference Bareness Index (NDBai) have been used in this work. Along with spectral indices, local spatial dependency of neighborhood regions is captured using eight GLCM based textural feature, such as, Contrast, Correlation, Energy and Homogeneity etc. for each image band. All textural and spectral indices bands are combined and used for extracting built-up areas using Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier. Results suggest 4.91% increase in overall accuracy when using texture and spectral indices in comparison with 84.38% overall accuracy achieved when using spectral data only. It is observed that built-up class are more separable in the projected spectral-spatial feature space in comparison to spectral channels. Incorporation of textural features with spectral features reduces the misclassification error and provides results with less salt and pepper noise