Étude de la variation diastratique lors de ratages d’énoncés oraux spontanés : points communs et divergences lors de difficultés à dire chez des jeunes locuteurs issus de milieux sociaux différents

This article focuses on the study of failure parts in French language’s oral discourse. We understand failures in the discourse as all the utterances that indicate an issue to formulate one’s message, such as the difficulty to find the proper lexical word at the intended time or the difficulty to utter proper phrases from a grammatical point of view at the intended time. We will see that the solution is often based on a reformulation which aims at giving the interlocutor an explanation of the word or an example, or more specifically a phrase that uses the antonym and highlights the contrast with the expected word. For the aim of this study, we extracted utterances in the speeches of young people, basing our corpus on two distinct groups of young French native speakers. The first group is made up of three speakers raised in the suburb area of Meaux. The second group is composed of eight native speakers raised in the 7th arrondissement of Paris. The difference between those two groups tends to be only social and economic (higher education level, better economical situations). By this way, we try to fend off other distinctions that would also explain differences in the discourse : for instance there is no geographical gap between the groups that could explain the comparison (Meaux and Paris are 50 km away). We segregated these « failures » of discourse in several categories, described how the speakers get around and overcome their difficulties, but our final goal is the comparison of these strategies and solutions, to say whether they are different or not, according to the social class of speakers. We will modestly bring a partial answer to the question whether our discourse reflects our social class (or not), and how so