Risks in housing and communal services and major repairs program for apartment buildings in Moscow. Experience of the first years of implementation

The Housing Code of the Russian Federation has been significantly amended by Federal Law No. 271-FZ of December 25, 2012 [1] with respect to the issues pertaining to major repairs of apartment buildings. Since that moment, the obligation to pay for maintenance and repair of common property has transferred from the state to owners. Since 2013 owners of the premises are required to pay for major repairs the minimum amount (17 rubles per one square meter in Moscow) set by the regulatory legal act of the sub-federal unit of the Russian Federation, or larger amounts (in excess of the minimum) approved by the meeting of owners [2]. In each region of the Russian Federation regional major repair programs were adopted; in Moscow this program was adopted later, at the end of 2014 [3-5], which allowed considering all the pros and cons that had appeared in the regions. Along with the undeniable advantages, the repair in the capital city for the first 3 years (2015-2017) has shown a number of disadvantages and significant risks associated with the low level of design and subsequent problems with the quality, timing and budget constraints encountered by contractors at the repair stage