Energy-efficient solar power plants for autonomous heat supply in Russia

In the complex of measures for energy saving, partial replacement and reduction of consumption of fossil energy and electricity, water heating solar installations for heating systems have long been in practice for small energy facilities. Solar energy is one of the most dynamically developing directions of use of renewable energy sources, especially the introduction of which are associated with climatic conditions and technical requirements of their application. The territory of Russia is located mainly in the cold climatic zone and in regions with a sharply continental climate in which the operation of water heating solar plants is justified and most rational in seasonal use, in this case, their technical operation is carried out mainly during the non-heating period of the year. In such installations, in a number of cases, it is possible to avoid the need to use “non-freezing” heat carriers, and therefore the thermal schemes of the plants are simpler in design and cheaper, since heat exchangers or bivalent storage tanks can be excluded to transfer heat from the antifreeze to the water of the heating circuit or hot water system