The Concept of Illegal Immigration and its Causes in the Maghreb Region

We have considered the phenomenon of illegal immigration in the Maghreb a major security threats at the moment facing the national security and also has its consequences on the economic and social of the Maghreb region. Illegal migration is a global phenomenon in many countries of the world, but immigration from North Africa to Europe has become one of the issues that are urgent and considerable attention in recent years. Southern Europe is familiar with irregular migration from core Maghreb countries of Algeria, Morocco, and Tunisia. Since the early 1990s, thousands of North Africans have attempted to cross the Mediterranean to reach Spain and Italy each year. But, as the recent migration crises made clear, sub-Saharan Africans are increasingly migrating to Libya, Algeria, Tunisia, and Morocco, often using the region as a point of transit to Europe and others remain in the Maghreb region. Although there is a consensus that the reasons for the growth of this phenomenon is mainly due to economic aspects, but the political and social conditions are also playing a role, which can be detailed as follows