The Management of Breakthrough Fungal Infections

Especially in recent years, prophylaxis have been on the agenda in order to prevent fungal infections in patients with hematological Especially in recent years, prophylaxis have been on the agenda in order to prevent fungal infections in patients with hematological malignity and in bone marrow recipients. The most commonly used agents are fluconazole, posaconazole, and voriconazole. However, despite all efforts, the process can resulting failure for antifungal therapy. Secondary fungal infections can be seen due to changing epidemiology, redundant implementation of prophylaxis, inadequate treatment of first fungal infections, and in patients with more severe immunosuppression. These clinical conditions should be considered as they are more severe and mortal. In some publications, breakthrough fungal infections range between 10 to 50% when possible infection and clinical worsening are included. The rate of proven breakthrough fungal infections is between 5 to 20%. Why are failures in treatment and breakthrough fungal infections seen despite antifungal treatment and/or prophylaxis of fungal infections? In this article, answers to these questions were sought and the management of breakthrough fungal infections has been reviewed