La République de 1889 : utopie de l’homme blanc, peur de l’homme noir La liberté est noire, l’égalité, blanche, la fraternité, métisse)

This article dialogue with the historiography concerning the Proclamation of Republic in Brazil presenting a historical narrative that takes into account the Brazilian national imagination characterized here as mestizo or "black." My goal is to find the roots of a national identity whose core lies in the interracial mixture or recreating post-African identities, opposed to the way the European colonizer was thought Brazil as an expansion of its culture and race in the New World. I argue that this national formation eventually reduced the ideals of freedom to the abolition of slavery, and restricted the ideals of equality to the limits of social classes, and made brotherhood between the races the only ground of social solidarity