Immigrants nationaux, vers une nouvelle approche des flux migratoires ruraux. Brésil, 1900-1930

In the first thirty years of the twentieth century, thousands of Brazilian workers take internal migration for employment in the coffee plantations of the State of São Paulo, in the south. Native to most parts of the north and arrived at the same time that many laborers from Europe and Japan, they will be classified as them as immigrants. Yet, despite the impressive numbers, their presence somehow vanished from historiography and tends, indeed, to consider that this migration has started only from the introduction of quotas in 1934, restricting the entry of foreigners into the country. Who were at first also supposed ‟to clear the country” The purpose of this article is to lay tracks to restore the memory of this internal migration and to demonstrate the diversity and the complexity of situations of these immigrants, to analyze the speeches which weave around the national element, the reduction of the racial questions on behalf of the persons in charge of immigration policies and plasticity of ‟immigrant” term