Les journées de(puis) juin 2013

Throughout the historical course of Brazilian society, we can discern three sociopolitical traditions: one is conservative-liberalist; another leans to the centre-right or centre-left, and is committed to the virtues of the nation state; and the final one derives from popular, class-based sociopolitical roots, embracing various social struggles. In the 1970s-1980s, the Unified Workers’ Central (Central Única dos Trabalhadores, CUT) and the Workers’ Party (Partido dos Trabalhadores, PT) were established in defense of the working class against liberals and statists, but since the 1990s-2000s they have converted to a tradition centred upon the nation state, thus becoming weaker in the realm of social movements. Consequently, such movements have been rebuilt under difficult conditions over the past years, emerging forcefully amid the 2013 June Journeys, which focused on direct action and the repudiation of the lack of participative democracy