La formation professionnelle à distance à la lumière des organisations capacitantes

Professional training is concerned by the digitalization of enterprises, a process which refers to the massive use of new technologies. After the popularity of e-learning, the environments inspired by the academic MOOC (COOC, SPOC etc.) appeared to many economic actors as a new panacea for a just-in–time and for a lower cost training of the employees: the use of distance and of digital solutions is supposed to facilitate individual access to knowledge and to reduce the time for training. However, other digital uses may be interesting for professional training. To illustrate this, we have developed a research proposal, based on the study of the socioprofessional work contexts of learners, aiming to identify the « learning needs » that the use of digital solutions may satisfy. Using the study of two on-site trainings, delivered in a multinational, and the capability approach of Amartia Sen, we show that digital uses can prove particularly appropriate, after the training phase itself, when the learners come back to their work environment. The concept of “enabling organization” turns out to be relevant for considering the requirements of professional training, for the learners, the trainers and the training engineers, as well. We stress in particular the necessity to anticipate the workload generated by the use of digital in training’s conception and in knowledge’s implementation in work situations.Lastly, with the aim of reducing inequalities between employees, we underline the importance of customizing the digital solutions to learners’ profile and to each type of training activity