Rituales políticos, sexuales y sagrados en la literatura del siglo XIX. El Matadero como espacio de transición y mezcla

In this article, the proposal is to analyse the conflict that emerges from the construction of the slaughterhouse's space as interstitial zone between the political, the sexual and the sacred. The slaughterhouse of Esteban Echeverría was written in 1838, but only published for the first time in 1871 by Juan Maria Gutierrez; therefore, the text was read as a hinge between the conception of the space were meat is processed associated with the barbarian and as well that same space it is identified with homosexuality (in the construction of the Unitarian regarding the sexual and gender aspect, it could be pointed out one common strategy that characterized the generation of Argentinian writer from 1837: the feminization of the discourse as a way to be against the chauvinistic- “Rosista”) and the disease. With this text, the notions of barbarism, unhealthiness and sodomy were articulated. Unhealthiness it was considered in that moment as it was concentrated in slaughterhouses and cemeteries that gathered bodies in decomposition status. The city of Buenos Aires was invaded for the plagues of the yellow fever and blooded rivers that were flowing from the slaughterhouses. That why the fact that the tale was published at that time, the Argentinian cultural analytic paradigms related with the dualism civilization/barbarism were separated and articulated with the one of healthy/unhealthy. In The slaughterhouse, the metaphor of the mix of fluids, liquids, bodies, ethnics and animals was also linked with the one of the “confused gender” of the man who became “feminine” after the sodomize from the barbaric torturers. In this article, The Slaughterhouse will be considered as foundational book of the Argentinian narrative that coin analytic notions and categories that give place to a pertinent approach at the moment of theorized the space as hybrid and mixed. Also in the frame of the Latin-american literature, the slaughterhouse functions as a spatial dislocation represented trough diverse rituals allowing the visualization of relations and tensions in the confrontation's bonds that are particular of this way to face the political, the sexual and the otherness. The rituals of passage inside the book are associated with the party (as celebrations) that here is not only identifiable in the particular construction of time were hierarchies and norms remain abolished, but also there are some delimitations and frontiers that represent power spaces. Indeed, a system of images is created referred to the material and corporeal life, in this sense, the slaughterhouse became the proper space for violence and practices of torture with the “other”. From this point of view it could be add that the spaces and ritual images that appear on the text have some nexus with social and political relationship as well interrelated with festive facts that involve aspects of the popular/official. Is must be said that the tale represents the social conflict at the level of the discourse registrations regarding the otherness configuration