The effect of pregnancy induced hypertension and multiple pregnancies on preterm birth in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract Objective This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to estimate the overall pooled prevalence of preterm birth and the effect of pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) and multiple pregnancies on preterm birth in Ethiopia. Result A total of 9 studies with 27,119 participants were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of preterm birth among mothers who gave births in Ethiopia was found to be 13.32% (95% CI = 7.99, 18.660). Preterm birth was found to be higher among mothers who had pregnancy induced hypertension with odds ratio of 4.69 (95% CI = 2.32, 9.49) and multiple pregnancy with odds ratio of 2.40 (95% CI = 1.06, 5.45) as compared to the counterparts. In subgroup analysis by region, the prevalence of preterm birth was found to be 12.63% (95% CI = 3.26, 22) in Amhara and 10.18% (95% CI = 6.04, 14.32) in Oromia region