Dynamiques urbaines communes et spécificités des villes des Antilles françaises (Guadeloupe, Martinique) des origines de la colonisation (1635) à nos jours

Through the evolution of French cities in the West Indies, from their origins until the end of the twentieth century, it is important to understand what the specificities of these cities were compared to those of metropolitan France, and to analyze what was the common urban dynamics observed between those established in the archipelago of Guadeloupe and the island of Martinique. The discovery of America, the phenomenon of insularity, the world of plantations, the slave trade and slavery, abolitions, natural disasters serve as the common denominator of the history of cities that the French founded in the West Indies. They share a common historical heritage with other cities established in the region by Europeans during the first centuries of colonization in America. The evolution of French cities in the West Indies, from the origins of colonization to the present day, has given birth to urban spaces with a particular morphology and identity in a context where the planned and spontaneous city intertwines. Through the example of these cities founded by the French in America, it is necessary to determine what are the specificities of the French cities in the West Indies and the common urban dynamics observed, taking into account their different components and wondering about what makes them unique