Overtopping Failure of a Reinforced Tailings Dam: Laboratory Investigation and Forecasting Model of Dam Failure

Overtopping failure of reinforced tailings dam may cause significant damage to the environment and even loss of life. In order to investigate the feature of overtopping of the reinforced tailings dam, which has rarely appeared in the literature, the displacement, the phreatic level and the internal stress of dam during overtopping were measured by a series of physical model tests. This study conclusively showed that, as the number of reinforcement layers increased, the anti-erosion capacity of tailings dam was notably improved. It could be supported by the change of the dimension of dam breach, the reduction of stress loss rate, and the rise of phreatic level from the tests. Based on the erosion principle, a mathematical model was proposed to predict the width of the tailings dam breach, considering the number of reinforcement layers. This research provided a framework for the exploration of the overtopping erosion of reinforced tailings dam, and all presented expressions could be applied to predict the development of breach during overtopping