Investigation of Bullying and Harassment in the Workplace Using the Psychometric Properties of the Negative Acts Questionnaire-Revised (NAQ-R) in Nurses

Background and Objectives: Bullying in hospital environment can be a threat to the health of nurses; therefore, it is necessary to look for ways to identify the frequency and type of bullying in the workplace. This study was carried out aiming at investigating the psychometric properties of the Negative Acts Questionnaire-Revised (NAQ-R) among the employed nurses. Methods: This study was conducted as a descriptive study (standardization type) on all nurses working in Ayatollah Rohani Hospital of Babol city in 2017. A total of 181 subjects, were selected using random sampling method. Information were collected using the Negative Acts Questionnaire-Revised (NAQ-R) and Workplace Incivility Scale (WIS). Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation test, Exploratory Factor Analysis, Confirmatory Factor Analysis, and Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Results: Based on the results of exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, NAQ-R with 22 items had three factors of work-related bullying, person-related bullying and job dismissal-related bullying, which their Cronbach's alpha coefficient, respectively, was 0.91, 0.83, and 0.85, and for the total NAQ-R was 0.94. The validity assessment results showed that all subscales and total score of NAQ-R had a positive and significant correlation with workplace incivility scale. Conclusion: According to the findings of this research, the NAQ-R has appropriate psychometric properties and can be used as an appropriate tool to recognize the frequency and type of bullying in workplaces