Discrimination of Boletaceae mushrooms based on data fusion of FT-IR and ICP–AES combined with SVM

In this study, the individual and data fusion of Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP–AES) were used for the discrimination of five species of Boletaceae mushrooms with the aid of support vector machine (SVM). First, the original FT-IR spectra of 230 samples with different species were preprocessed and optimized by second derivative (2D), Savitzky–Golay filter (15:1) and standardized normal variate. Second, the datasets of FT-IR spectra and ICP–AES were integrated, and the low-level data fusion strategy was used to classify different species mushrooms. Third, the latent variables of elements concentration and FT-IR spectra were extracted by partial least square discriminant analysis and two datasets were fused into a new matrix. Finally, the classification models were established by SVM. Compared with single spectroscopic technique, the mid-level data fusion strategy can provide better result. Especially, the accuracy of correct classification of samples in calibration and test sets were 100.00% and 98.68%, respectively. The results demonstrated that the mid-level data fusion of FT-IR and ICP–AES can provide higher synergic effect for the discrimination of different species Boletaceae mushrooms, which could be benefited for the further authentication and quality control of edible mushrooms