Phase diagram for whorled patterning.

Whorled phyllotactic patterns emerge as a function of the stress tensor coupling. When γ increases the emergence of primordia is delayed and the whorls become distorted. The symmetry of whorled patterns increases as as function of η. The dotted lines represent the boundary limits for 3- to 7-symmetry (S3, S4, S5, S6, S7) and the numerical limit values are indicated in red on η axis. Note that in some cases, the increment of γ maintains the symmetry (S3, S4, S5, S6) but it augments the symmetry in other cases (S5 → S6, S6 → S7). The dash blue lines delimitate the whorled and aberrant patterns (AB). The values of η for each image are indicated on axis (in black) and the rest of the parameter values are β = 0.5, G[u] with a width of R/2, κ = 2 and c = 0.33 for η = 0.65 and η = 0.89; and c = 0.57 for η = 0.26 and η = 0.39.