Effects of leptin on the immune system.

Sections of spleen tissues from both control and transgenic leptin pigs were probed with (a) CD4 and (b) FOXP3 antibodies. (c) The ratio of CD4+/CD8+ cells in PBMCs was detected by flow cytometric analysis. (d) Five random scopes were captured for statistical analysis. The mean level of Foxp3 to CD4 signal intensity ratio and standard error bars are presented (n = 3 per group). (e) RNA-seq was performed on PBMCs to determine the transcriptome change in the transgenic leptin pigs (n = 3 per group). Summary of gene-significant differences in KEGG pathways. Histogram of the GO classifications of gene-significant differences. *p t test for d,e. Data are presented as mean ± SEM. Numerical values are provided in S1 Data. GO, gene ontology; KEGG, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes; PBMC, peripheral blood mononuclear cell; PPAR, Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors; RNA-seq, RNA sequencing.