Seasonal changes in morphology govern wettability of Katsura leaves - Fig 3

(a,c,e,g) Schematics illustrating wetting states for various leaf conditions; (a) green, (c) brown, (e) heat-treated, and (g) vacuum-treated leaves. Here, θ* is the apparent contact angle, ϕs is the areal fraction of solid/liquid interface, and α is the intact wax areal fraction. The scanning electron microscope images (b,d,f,h 2,000x) provide examples of the four leaf conditions; (b) green, (d) brown, (f) heat-treated, and (h) vacuum-treated leaves.