Overexpression of <i>OsMADS25</i> enhances the cell elongation.

A. Propidium iodide (PI)–stained root epidermal cells of 5–day–old wild type and OsMADS25 transgenic roots grown in standard 1/2 MS medium. Scale bars, 50 μm. B and C. Average epidermal cell length and cell width from 5–day–old wild type and OsMADS25 transgenic roots shown in image A, respectively. To measure cell length, germinated seeds were grown in standard 1/2 MS medium for 5 days, and the roots were stained with PI followed by washing for twice with sterile water, then imaged with a Leica SP8 confocal microscope. Epidermal cell length was averaged from at least 50 cells per root at a distance of 1 cm from the root tips from at least five roots examined for each treatment. Cell length was measured using Leica SP8 software. WT, wild type. RNAi1 and RNAi2, OsMADS25–RNAi transgenic lines. OE1 and OE2, OsMADS25 overexpression transgenic lines. Three independent experiments were performed. The statistical significance of the measurements using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was determined using Student’s t–test. Asterisks indicate the significant difference between OsMADS25 transgenic lines and WT plants (*P **P ***P < 0.001).