Root growth of <i>OsMADS25</i> transgenic lines is correlated with the ROS levels.

A. Seedlings of wild type and OsMADS25 transgenic lines grown in standard 1/2 MS medium for 5 days. Scale bars, 2 cm. B. Relative transcript levels of OsMADS25 in OsMADS25 transgenic lines by qPCR analysis. C. Primary root length of 5–day–old wild type and OsMADS25 transgenic seedlings. D. NBT and DAB staining for O2– and H2O2, respectively, in the root tips of wild type and OsMADS25 transgenic lines shown in image A. Scale bars, 1 mm. E. Quantification of H2O2 content in the roots of wild type and OsMADS25 transgenic plants shown in image A. WT, wild type. RNAi1 and RNAi2, OsMADS25–RNAi transgenic lines. OE1 and OE2, OsMADS25 overexpression transgenic lines. NBT, nitroblue tetrazolium. DAB, 3, 3’–diaminobenzidine. Three independent experiments were performed with similar results. Data are means ± SE (n = 10). The statistical significance of the measurements using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was determined using Student’s t-test. Asterisks indicate the significant difference between OsMADS25 transgenic lines and WT plants (t–test, *P **P ***P < 0.001).