Media sclerosis drives and localizes atherosclerosis in peripheral arteries - Fig 4

Remodeling curves for (a) femoral and (b) tibial arteries in the absence (blue) and presence (red) of MS throughout of a hypothetical life span (70 years) of an individual person. a) In femoral arteries the reduction of the Normalized Lumen Area (NLA) in patients with atherosclerosis without MS is approximately 15% and about 30% in patients with atherosclerosis and MS. b) In tibial arteries the reduction of the NLA in patients with atherosclerosis and without MS is approximately 55% and about 75% in patients with atherosclerosis and MS. Intima and media parameters and associated stiffening rates are given in Tables B, D, E, and F in S1 Appendix. Non-MS media stiffening rates are 1/10 of MS stiffening rates. Dashed lines represent lower and upper bounds, estimated by taking the largest and smallest (non-zero) values of and from reference [21].