Optical Trapping of Nanoparticles Using All-Silicon Nanoantennas

The ability to optically trap nanoscale particles in a reliable and noninvasive manner is emerging as an important capability for nanoscience. Different techniques have been introduced, including plasmonic nanostructures. Nano-optical tweezers based on plasmonics face the problem of Joule heating, however, due to high losses in metals. Here we experimentally demonstrate the optical trapping and transport of nanoparticles using a nonplasmonic approach, namely, a silicon nanoantenna. We trap polystyrene nanoparticles with diameters of 20 and 100 nm and use fluorescence microscopy to track their positions as a function of time. We show that multiple nanoparticles can be trapped simultaneously with a single nanoantenna. We show that the infrared trapping laser beam also produces fluorescent emission from trapped nanoparticles via two-photon excitation. We present simulations of the nanoantenna that predict enhanced optical forces with insignificant heat generation. Our work demonstrates that silicon nanoantennas enable nanoparticles to be optically trapped without deleterious thermal heating effects