LLMD measured by the gap between mid-life and late-life mortality rate increase.

Pooled global data on the age-specific probability of death qx (2015 data; female population) show the relatively slower rate of late-life mortality acceleration (ages 90–95; blue line) compared with mid-life mortality (ages 50–55; orange line) in humans. The difference between these slopes indicates the magnitude of LLMD. Underlying data can be found in S1 Data. LLMD, late-life mortality deceleration.