Effect of OCA, CDCA and UDCA on proliferation of primary human mixed and mucinous iCCA cell cultures.

Cell proliferation was evaluated by MTS assay and expressed as percentage value with respect to controls (= 100%). In mixed iCCA, the inhibitory effect of OCA (72 hrs of incubation) on cell proliferation started to be significant at 0.05 μM concentration. In mucinous iCCA, the inhibitory effects of OCA on cell proliferation started to be significant at 0.01 μM. After a 72 hrs treatment, CDCA impaired cell proliferation of both mixed and mucinous iCCA primary cell cultures only at concentrations higher than 0.5 μM, but at a lower level than OCA. UDCA failed to influence cell proliferation in both mixed and mucinous iCCA primary cultures after 72 hrs of treatment. Data represent means ± SD of N = 5 independent experiments. * p & p < 0.05 vs the same concentration of OCA.