Therapeutic effect of IFN-<i>β</i> on tumor growth.

(A) Time courses of the N2 complex level (C), N1 complex activity (I), and concentration of IFN-β (S) in response to a periodic injection of IFN-β on 0, 3, 5, 7, 9 days. (B) Dynamics of the core N1-N2 system corresponding to (A) in the C − I plane. Black arrow = initial position, blue arrowhead = terminal point at t = 25 days. (C) Time courses of tumor volume in control (PBS) and IFN-β+ cases: Control (PBS) from the model (red solid line, Ss = 0), IFN-β injection case from the model (blue dashed line, Ss = 35), control (PBS) from experiments (empty circle), IFN-β injection case from experiments (triangle). (D) Tumor volume (%) at final time (t = 25 days) in response to various IFN-β injection levels (Ss = 0, 0.02, 0.1, 0.3, 1.0, 3.0, 10, 20, 100 μmol/L). (E, F) Tumor-infiltrating CD8 T cells and Tregs. Average field of N1-Tcell (E) and N2-Th17-Tregs (F) over the time interval [0–12 days], in the absence (PBS) and presence of IFN-β injections (35,70,100 μmol/L). Initial conditions: C(0) = 4.0, I(0) = 0.3, S(0) = 0. Initial injection time: t1 = 0. Parameters used: G = 0.4. All other parameters are fixed as in Table 2.