Relationship between proportion of infections due to <i>P</i>. <i>vivax</i> and total malaria prevalence across Africa.

Panel A shows the spatial distribution of the proportion of P. vivax infections relative to P. falciparum, based on a subset of sources from the final database that tested for both P. vivax and P. falciparum, and employed representative sampling methods. Prevalence points (round dots, total n = 3,329; n = 565 with P. vivax proportion > 0) are coloured according to the proportion of infections due to P. vivax, and sized according to the total point prevalence at each site. Clinical case reports where the species proportion could be determined are represented as squares (n = 152) and also coloured by P. vivax proportion. S6 Fig shows the equivalent map with points sized by sample size. Panel B plots site-wise proportion of infections due to P. vivax (y-axis) in relation to overall community prevalence (x-axis) at locations where the total number examined was at least 30 individuals and at least one P. vivax infection was detected (n = 538). Only surveys that used diagnostic methods sensitive to both P. vivax and P. falciparum were included. Points are coloured according to African Union regions (S1 Fig) [47], with trend lines added as a visual guide.