MICROCREDIT FINANCING IN INVESTMENT AND DEVELOPMENT BANKS IN LATIN AMERICA AS AN ECONOMIC INSTRUMENT OF GROWTH AND HUMAN DEVELOPMENT

This article aims to analyze, through official data, microcredit loans granting in Latin America development banks, specifically in Banco Compartamos, in Mexico, and Banco do Nordeste do Brasil S/A, in Fortaleza, Ceará. It is a low-value loan directed to vulnerable people with difficulties to access credit. Initially, we presented the origin of the microcredit loan, from Muhammad Yunus’ idea in 1974 in Bangladesch, who lent $27 dollars to 42 artisans in order to buy bamboo straws and get rid of loan sharks. Subsequently, an analysis was made of the two largest microcredit concession in Latin America development banks: Banco Compartamos and Banco do Nordeste. This, with the Crediamigo program, which is recognized as the largest microcredit program in South America, serves around 16,000 people daily, with a portfolio of more than two million clients, which 67% are women. The other, reached the ranking of first place in Latin America by granting several modalities of loans. At the end, we discussed microcredit as an effective tool for economic growth and human development. We conclude that microcredit is the driving force behind employment, income and poverty. Through bibliographic theoretical and qualitative research, it was verified that microcredit loan is conditio sine qua non for just and solidary society realization