The change of glycerol and glucose levels and the expression of Hsp70 mRNA in adult female <i>Ae</i>. <i>albopictus</i> after exposure to different subzero temperature.

Adult female Ae. albopictus were transferred from room temperature to -3 oC without water (blue) and -15 oC with (red) or without water (green). Adult mosquitoes were then removed from subzero temperature after 90 min for exposure to -3 oC, 3 min for exposure to -15 oC without water and 160 min for exposure to -15 oC with water and recovered under normal rearing condition. The contents of glycerol (A) and glucose (B) and the expression levels of hsp70 mRNA (C) were analyzed at 0 to 4h after recovery from cold exposure. The data shown are means ± SEM of five replicates with six whole mosquitoes for each. Columns that do not share the same letter are significantly different from each other within each group. The differences in glycerol and glucose contents and hsp70 mRNA levels were assessed by ANOVA followed by Tukey’s multiple comparison. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001.