BCG vaccination increased nonspecific production of monocyte-derived proinflammatory cytokines.

(A) Diagram showing the BCG vaccination schedule in calves. Calves were vaccinated with 1x108 colony forming units (CFU) BCG Danish via aerosol. Peripheral blood was collected four weeks post vaccination from calves in both groups. (B) PBMCs isolated from calves after four weeks post vaccination, were stimulated in vitro with LPS or Pam3CSK4 for 4 or 72 hours to measure cytokine expression. Proinflammatory cytokine gene expression was assessed by RT-PCR (B), and protein expression was assessed by ELISA on the cell supernatants (C). Data represent means ± SEM. *p<0.05, **p<0.01.