Average change in tweet affect for candidates who won and were strongly or weakly expected to win (<i>expected win</i> and s<i>urprising win</i>), and candidates who lost and were strongly or weakly expected to lose (<i>expected loss</i> and <i>surprising loss</i>) in Study 1.

This figure also displays change in tweet affect for all winners and all losers (Combined Win and Combined Loss). Error bars correspond to +/- 1 standard error.