Improvisation task differences in keys and time use.

Computed mean values of the task collectives: (A) The session time, broken down into the percentages of playing time (dark gray) and of idle time (light gray) (F = 3.98, p = .008, η2 = .03). The red line on the idle time bar depicts the percentage of time passed since the actual start of the improvisation; i.e., the percentage of time passed until the first note was pressed (F = 2.788, p = .04, η2 = .02). (B) Concurrent playing metric, quantifies the percentage of concurrent playing time per net session play time yielded by keys pressed in parallel (e.g., two keys pressed throughout the session play time yield 200%) (F = 19.55, p 2 = .13). (C) Percentage of keys used (F = 9.8, p 2 = .07). (D) Black and white key use, quantified as the percentage of presses on black and white keys (F = 10.31, p 2 = .07). (E) Black and white key transformations, quantified as the percentage of key presses from white to black (F = 11.83, p 2 = .08), black to white (F = 11.57, p 2 = .08), black to black (F = 4.8, p = .003, η2 = .03) and white to white (F = 11.84, p 2 = .08). *p p p < .001.