Simulation results to show effect of substitution.

The horizontal axis shows days. The vertical axis shows daily value added of the system. The red lines show the results for the actual network. The green lines show the results for the product-randomized networks. The blue lines show the results for no substitution. The solid lines show the average of 30 simulations. The dotted lines show the standard deviations. For all simulations, damages are randomly assigned to 10,000 firms that face 50% production loss (δ = 0.5).