Memory performance in Study 2.

Comparison of free recall performance for reinstated contexts and not-reinstated contexts in the three experiments of Study 2 (left side): Pictures of landscapes (Exp. 2.1; left panel) and virtual environments (Exp. 2.3; right panel) did not reveal an effect of reinstatement on memory performance. Reinstated flickering screen backgrounds, however, led to better recall (Exp. 2.2; middle panel). Comparison of general memory performance across the experiments within Study 2 (right side): In Study 2, the amount of recalled words in Virtual Environments was significantly higher compared to the other two experiments. Statistically significant effects are indicated by *: p < 0.05.