Microbial diversity in cloacal swabs of layer chickens fed on control and 2% w/w biochar amended diets for a period of 19 weeks (Trial 2) at arrival to farm (A wk 0), and 19 weeks post arrival for birds fed a control (Ctrl wk 19) or biochar supplemented diet (BC wk 19).

a) Genus level redundancy analysis (RDA) plot demonstrating differential separation of microbial communities due to time (arrival vs 19weeks post arrival) with no differential separation between control (white) and biochar (black) fed birds; b) Richness (genus level); c) Evenness (genus level) d) Abundance of Proteobacteria and Firmicutes in birds at arrival, compared to dietary treatments at 19 weeks post arrival on farm. ***Significance at P < 0.001.