Phenolic <i>C</i>‑Glycosides and Aglycones from Marine-Derived <i>Aspergillus</i> sp. and Their Anti-Inflammatory Activities

A chemical investigation of the secondary metabolites of a marine-derived Aspergillus sp. led to the isolation and characterization of 13 phenolic compounds, including 10 new compounds (1–10). Seven new compounds (1–7) are unusual phenolic C-glycosides, while the other new compounds (8–10) are structurally related aglycones. The chemical structures of these new compounds were elucidated by 1D and 2D NMR and HRESIMS spectroscopic analyses. The absolute configurations of these new C-glycosides were determined by comparison of experimental electronic circular dichroism spectra with those of calculated ones. In addition, the anti-inflammatory activities of these compounds were evaluated, and compound 9 significantly inhibited nitric oxide production with an IC50 value of 6.0 ± 0.5 μM in lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW264.7 cells. Moreover, compound 9 also showed anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting the NF-κB-activated pathway