Active force of 10 pN for various initial cell separation distances demonstrates an optimal initial distance.

(A) Snapshot of simulations with far-field separation Δz∞ = 70nm and Δz∞ = 100nm. Parameters used for both are rcell = 1 μm (for clarity the full simulation domain is not show), rfree = 200 nm, σ0 = 0. At these parameters, this force is sufficient to drive Δz z∞. Inset shows non-monotonic behavior where the time series cross. (C) Time until Δz Fig 7).